Atopic dermatitis is the fancy medical term for eczema. It is a common condition where the skin becomes inflamed, dry, itchy, and bumpy. In more severe flares, this compromises the skin barrier between the body and the outside environment, potentially allowing allergens and infections access into the body that they would not otherwise have. There are many different types of eczema and the symptoms can range from mild to severe. Eczema can start early in childhood but can affect anyone in any age group. Treatments may vary depending on the cause and severity. Our knowledgeable dermatologist can help find a treatment that’s just right for you.
What is causing my eczema?
Eczema is caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors, although the exact cause of the disorder is unknown. For certain people, there are specific things that can trigger a rash or symptoms, such as food allergies, illness, stress, dry skin, chemicals, detergents, metals, insect bites, jewelry, and smoke. Children with eczema are more likely to have asthma, and vice versa. This type of eczema often improves with age. For most people, a specific cause is never pinpointed and the best we can do is control the symptoms.
What are the symptoms of eczema?
Skin can appear scaly and red, and the skin may thicken due to chronic scratching or develop cracks in the surface that may ooze. Sufferers may have fluid-filled blisters or crusting of the rash from secondary infection. Almost always, the rash is very itchy. Areas more prone to eczema are elbows, wrists, face, neck, knees, ankles, groin, hands, and feet.
What kind of treatment options are there?
Proper treatment varies depending on severity. Hydrating the skin with lotions and Vaseline is always an important part of helping eczematous skin heal. More mild cases can be treated with over-the-counter therapies like oatmeal baths and hydrocortisone. Moderate cases require prescription-strength topical or oral steroids and/or steroid-sparing inflammation-suppressing medications. The most severe cases need drugs called biologics that alter the immune system to provide long-term relief.